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Fatigue during high intensity sports or activities (~1-10 minutes in length) is caused by several components with strong evidence that muscle acidosis via accumulating hydrogen ions is a key performance inhibitor. To address this issue, skeletal muscle has intra and extracellular buffering mechanisms to attenuate exercise induced acidosis. Carnosine is an intracellular buffer that is key in slowing the decline of muscle pH. Carnosine has a nitrogen containing imidazole side ring which accepts or buffers hydrogen. This buffering can contribute as much as 15% of total buffering capacity. Additionally, carnosine has been shown to be a calcium/hydrogen exchanger, delivering calcium back to the sarcoplasmic reticulum and hydrogen away to the cell membrane. This suggests that carnosine may increase calcium sensitivity and muscle contraction efficiency. Plasma beta-alanine is the rate limiting substrate of carnosine. Approximately 3-6 g/d of beta-alanine supplementation over at least four weeks can elevate muscle carnosine stores by 30-60%. Several meta-analyses have been conducted and has shown 2-3% increased performance in non-elite athletes, followed with just 0.5-1% increased performance in elite athletes.
Course Objectives
Course
Credits
Course Expiration
ACSM
1
06/24/2024
BOC
1
06/23/2024
Commission on Dietetic Registration
1
06/23/2024
During exercise, both fat and carbohydrate are metabolized to produce energy. At lower intensities and rest, fat is the predominate substrate that is metabolized. As intensity increases, carbohydrate metabolism increases and fat metabolism decreases. Incremental exercise tests have been developed on both a cycle ergometer and treadmill to measure the maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and at what intensity MFO occurs (FATMAX). It has been shown that there is large individual variation in MFO and FATMAX, and that individuals may have a unique FATMAX curve. Increasing an athlete’s fat oxidation may be beneficial as it could preserve the limited amount of muscle and liver glycogen, which could then delay fatigue. Several nutritional supplements thought to increase fat oxidation have been studied, such as; green tea, New Zealand blackcurrants, caffeine, and Omega-3. In addition to supplementation, training strategies to decrease muscle and liver glycogen availability prior to exercise have been shown to increase fat oxidation during exercise. It is important to note that an increase in fat oxidation during exercise has not been associated with improved performance.
Course Objectives
Course
Credits
Course Expiration
ACSM
1
01/01/2022
BOC
1
01/01/2022
Commission on Dietetic Registration
1
10/21/2023
High altitude training camps are commonly used by endurance athletes in order to increase their fitness prior to competition. Energy availability (EA) requirements may be altered by low to moderate altitudes, and it is suggested that EA may play a role in an athlete’s ability to adjusts to hypoxic conditions. Iron is a micronutrient with known importance to an athlete’s health while at altitude and is important for increasing hemoglobin mass. While studies investigating physiological adaptations at extreme altitudes (>3,000 m.) have been conducted, there is a call for more studies at low to moderate altitudes (1,600-2,400 m.). Since the effects of training at low to moderate altitudes are not yet fully confirmed, it is best to apply sea-level nutrition and hydration guidelines to an athlete’s training at altitude.
Course Objectives
Course
Credits
Course Expiration
ACSM
1
01/01/2022
BOC
1
01/01/2022
Commission on Dietetic Registration
1
10/07/2023
Athlete monitoring is one of the key foundational pieces of any training program to ensure athletes are ready to compete at the highest level. In this presentation, Eric Freese, PhD, and Principal Scientist at the Gatorade Sports Science Institute shares what he believes to be the good and the bad of athlete monitoring, breaks down the theoretical principles of athlete monitoring and shares the current understanding of it, and shares some of the latest findings in football athletes.
Course Objectives
Course
Credits
Course Expiration
ACSM
0.5
01/01/2022
BOC
0.5
01/01/2022
This session, developed by the team at Performance 365 in partnership with the Gatorade Sports Science Institute and presented by Sports Dietitian Jen Ketterly, provides an overview on hydration strategies and explores the applications and factors impacting intake that have been affected by COVID-19.
Course Objectives
Course
Credits
Course Expiration
ACSM
0.5
01/20/2023
BOC
0.5
01/20/2023
This session, developed by the team at Performance 365 in partnership with the Gatorade Sports Science Institute shares hygiene and food safety considerations for athletes and sports performance professionals to take into account to ensure safe return to play in the current environment. Sports Dietitian Leslie Bonci discusses best practices for on-the-field hydration, at-home and away fueling, travel guidelines and more.
Course Objectives
Course
Credits
Course Expiration
ACSM
0.5
01/01/2022
BOC
0.5
01/01/2022
The mechanism of how polyphenol supplementation affects performance is complex and not fully understood. Polyphenols are derived from fruits and vegetables and are associated with color and taste. Approximately 90% of polyphenols are not absorbed in the small intestine, thus they are subsequently made available by colon gut bacteria in the source of phenolic acids. The phenolic acids are then able to be absorbed. Beneficial effects of polyphenol supplementation may include improved endurance, repeated sprint performance, and faster recovery of muscle strength however, only a small number of studies have been conducted to date and more research is needed to understand the ergogenic potential of polyphenol supplementation.
Course Objectives
Course
Credits
Course Expiration
ACSM
1
01/01/2022
BOC
1
01/01/2022
Commission on Dietetic Registration
1
08/25/2023
Optimal sleep is critical for health and is considered one of the most potent performance enhancers available. During sleep, many processes take place including repairing and rebuilding muscle, enhancing immune function, and the pruning and forming of new memories. For an athlete, sub-optimal sleep can lead to impaired mood, shorter time to exhaustion, poor nutrition choices, and greater injury risk. Sleep Scientist Amy Bender, MS, PhD will discuss the role of the athletic trainer and sports health practitioners to ensure athletes get sufficient quantity, quality and timing of sleep – so athletes can perform better on and off the field.
Course Objectives
Course
Credits
Course Expiration
ACSM
1
01/01/2022
BOC
1
12/31/2021
NSCA
0.2
12/31/2021
Commission on Dietetic Registration
1
05/31/2023