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The management of fluctuating blood glucose levels in athletes with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is crucial for both safety and performance during training, sport and competition. Low blood glucose (hypoglycemia) is a major barrier to most forms of exercise, but activity-related high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) can also occur with some forms of intense exercise and when insulin dose adjustments are suboptimal for exercise. Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) offer real-time insights into interstitial glucose levels, as a proxy for circulating blood glucose concentrations, for these individuals and their coaching and support teams. Endurance and resistance training present unique challenges in glucose self-management for physically active individuals with T1D, as aerobic exercise generally decreases glucose levels while anaerobic exercise keeps glucose more stable or can increase it. With competition, glucose levels may rise because of stress hormones, but then glucose levels can drop into the hypoglycemic range (low blood glucose levels) in recovery. Proactive blood glucose measures guided by CGM are critical. CGM data helps to inform carbohydrate intake strategies for training and competition, and to help guide more appropriate insulin adjustments for different forms of activity (e.g., aerobic, anaerobic, mixed), with the primary goal of reducing the occurrence of both hypo- and hyperglycemia.
Course Objectives
Course
Credits
Course Expiration
ACSM
1
02/25/2028
BOC
1
02/25/2028
Commission on Dietetic Registration
1.25
03/03/2028
CSCCa
1
02/25/2028
The practice of sports medicine, sport science, and coaching are increasingly being driven using real-world data, which is any data which is routinely collected from a variety of sources relating to the health or performance of an athlete/team for the delivery of healthcare or training. While real-world data has many use cases, a very minute amount of this data is currently used to generate real-world evidence which allows us to determine causality from the data. Whether the goal is to increase athlete performance, team performance, mitigate injuries or return athletes to sport more rapidly, it is often insufficient to describe previous performance/injury or predict future performance/injury; it is necessary to change the course of a reality, which requires a causally effective intervention by the practitioner.
Course Objectives
Course
Credits
Course Expiration
ACSM
1
01/22/2028
BOC
1
01/22/2028
Commission on Dietetic Registration
1
01/21/2028
CSCCa
1
01/22/2028
Focus on wearable measurements under most circumstances, as they are directly captured by the wearable's sensors, while estimates are attempts to derive something that cannot be measured with the sensors available on the wearable device. Recognize that both measurements and estimates can have larger errors in certain contexts, as when there is movement. Focus on wearable physiological responses as opposed to made-up scores combining physiology and behavior. The emphasis should be on the body's physiological response rather than penalizing scores for changes in behavior or external factors. Behavior and external factors remain key as context. There is no objective quantification or reference system for many made-up scores. There's no objective way to quantify metrics like sleep quality, readiness, recovery or stress, and wearables may oversimplify physiological responses, lacking necessary context. Dr. Altini reviews how to establish a plan including interpreting wearable data and using measurements (e.g., resting physiology) to capture responses to the plan, while making adjustments and not relying solely on made-up scores.
Course Objectives
Course
Credits
Course Expiration
ACSM
1
01/21/2028
BOC
1
01/21/2028
CSCCa
1
01/21/2028
